Assess the Value of the Chivalry Thesis in Understanding Gender Differences in Crime

Survey the estimation of the â€Å"chivalry thesis† in understanding sexual orientation contrasts in wrongdoing (21) The valor proposition is the place ladies are dealt with more mercifully than men by the criminal equity framework. This is a result of paternalism and sexism with regards to male overwhelmed police and courts. Thus, criminal measurements think little of the genuine degree of female culpable. This is on the grounds that cops are less inclined to convict a lady of a less genuine wrongdoing since it is a lady consequently are viewed as bound to simply get a warning.Graham and bowling (1995) did a self-report concentrate on 14-multi year olds and found that 55% of guys and 35% of females admitted to offenses over the most recent a year. This proposes guys carry out more wrongdoing than ladies all in all in spite of the fact that this self-report study depends on the more youthful ages of guys and females. Ladies are additionally bound to admit to their offenses, wh ich finishes up this figure is an exact one and may propose that the male figure could likewise be considerably higher. Another examination would be the adolescent ways of life overview (2000) where it was discovered that 11% females and 26% guys carried out genuine violations in the last twelve months.In general, ladies are believed to carry out less genuine wrongdoings like shoplifting and are extremely uncommon for them to perpetrate a savage wrongdoing. These insights show that guys are significantly increasingly fierce and are progressively fit for carrying out increasingly genuine violations contrasted with ladies. Flood page et each of the (2000) found that one of every eleven self-revealed offenses by ladies brought about arraignment though one of every seven accomplished for guys. This backs up what Allen (1987) says where ladies are more averse to be given custodial sentences for indictable motoring offenses since they can work out of it and apologize sweetly.This could li kewise be the situation with regards to arraignment. Just as this, ladies are believed to be dealt with all the more mercifully by law for instance, first guilty parties are half as liable to be given a sentence of quick detainment, where as though it was a man there is no uncertainty about it. Ladies are additionally observed by the police as a less genuine danger contrasted with men and they appear to profit by casual ways to deal with their offenses, for example, only an alert or warning.Pollak (1961) states that men(including cops) are defensive towards ladies and are more averse to arraign them along these lines, particularly on the off chance that it is a run of the mill wrongdoing that a ladies supposedly commits. Female litigants are dealt with all the more thoughtfully except if it is a wrongdoing against kids or a genuine wrongdoing that is viewed as a wrongdoing just men submit. In view of this defense towards ladies and courts giving them compassion this makes an invalid picture on wrongdoing rates.Another study would be the service of equity (2009) where 49% of females recorded of carrying out a wrongdoing got close to an alert yet in 2007 this figure was 30% which infers that this issue is deteriorating step by step. Then again, concentrates by Graham and Bowling and Youth way of life study, both saw that guys tended as associated with progressively genuine offenses, which would clarify the higher extents of men among the sentenced and forewarned, likewise potential guys are almost certain than females to concede offenses in self-report studies.Box (1981) did a self-report concentrate in Britain and USA and found that insights on sexual orientation and wrongdoing are genuinely precise. He found that ladies who carry out genuine offenses are not rewarded more well than men; just as this the lower pace of indictments of females contrasted with oneself report studies might be on the grounds that the wrongdoings they confess to are less genuine and a ren’t prone to go being investigated. Ladies guilty parties additionally appear to be significantly bound to show lament, which may assist with clarifying why they are bound to get an alert as opposed to going to court rather than police and courts simply being viewed as protective.Buckle and Farrington (1984) found that men were twice as likely as ladies to shop lift despite the fact that official figures propose people are equivalent. There could be numerous purposes behind this, for example, ladies could be significantly more obvious about it as they are viewed as progressively blameless, though guys hanging about perusing at things in a retail chain looks much increasingly anomalous. In spite of the fact that ladies carry out less genuine wrongdoing, the individuals who do are probably going to confront a genuine discipline contrasted with the guys that get indicted for the equivalent crime.This is on the grounds that it isn’t seen as a worthy path for a ladies to go about as it challenges their female job of being mindful and adoring. Fierce wrongdoings are believed to be male violations since it is logically demonstrated that guys are much progressively forceful contrasted with females in light of their degrees of testosterone. So when ladies carry out a brutal wrongdoing, the courts descend on them like a huge amount of blocks in light of how unnatural it is. Carlen (1997) says that’s sentences given to ladies depend on the female job and the way that a specific female satisfies this job and her character.For model in the event that she is a forceful ladies, she will presumably get a more drawn out sentence as it carefully challenges the female job, though if a ladies was extremely remorseful about what she had done, the courts are bound to give her compassion and a milder sentence. On the off chance that ladies perpetrate a fierce wrongdoing they are viewed as doubly freak since they aren’t simply carrying out a wrongdoing t hey are resisting their job as a ladies. Farrington and Morris (1983) did an investigation, which was the condemning of 408 offenses of burglary in a magistrate’s court.They found that ladies were not rewarded any contrastingly when it came to violations people both submitted as they supposedly ended up with comparative sentences regardless of what their conditions were. This proposes the gallantry postulation doesn’t consistently apply and it may not make a difference by any means. There supposedly is an unmistakable partition in what is and isn’t a female wrongdoing. Wrongdoings like shoplifting aren’t as genuine, which implies that it may not generally end up in court in light of the fact that greater violations start things out which recommend taking a gander at insights from feelings and court sentences isn’t a precise method of estimating the quantity of female criminals.This might be the reason the male measurements are consistently higher o n the grounds that they are typically the ones to carry out the more terrible violations. Generally speaking I don’t think the gallantry proposition is legitimate as it neglects to take a gander at the wrongdoings ladies submit that don’t get recorded as they get off with an alert. Because it isn’t a jail sentence, doesn’t imply that the police are being tolerant with ladies it just implies that ladies don’t frequently carry out as genuine wrongdoings, however they despite everything do perpetrate wrongdoing.

Management Decision Making for Synthesis- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about the Management Decision Making for Review and Synthesis. Answer: Presentation Harley-Davidson Company is a firm that manages the creation of cruisers, save parts, and offer of riding ensembles just as permitting the utilization of its name and trademark by different organizations, for example, those assembling garments which incorporate LOreals line of Harley-Davidson cologne. Change Harleys change came to impact after a drop in its market for the cruisers. This was achieved by rivalry from the Japanese organizations just as amassed obligations which were remembered for the companys monetary record. In any case, during the 1980s, the organization was renewed and got effective because of; chopping down stock and costs henceforth improving quality control. There were improved creation techniques and co-activity among laborers and the administration. Moreover, interest in new models and apparatus prompted a more extensive market for its bikes. Harleys supervisors led a benchmarking to a few Japanese vehicle plants on the Just-In-Time framework, whereby they later changed over their tasks to JIt. They thought of a creation planning program referred to as Materials-As-Needed. Devices and Techniques SWOT investigation investigates a companys qualities, shortcomings, openings, and dangers. Harleys shortcoming was that he lingered behind when it came to improving his innovation. Be that as it may, the organization too had a few qualities that outdoed his rivals, he wandered in new items and thought of new models, alluring artwork plans, and improving his building strategies. Harley distinguished open doors, for example, selling save parts and riding outfits for the two sexual orientations (Brannen, Miller, Ibrahim, 2012). He likewise authorized the utilization of his name and trademark to different organizations who made garments, gems, and different items. In any case, Harley confronted dangers from his rivals, for example, Honda and BMW who produced the two bikes and vehicles, dissimilar to him who made cruisers as it were. PESTLE investigation considers factors influencing Harley which are Political, financial, social, mechanical, legitimate, and natural angles. Harley set aside a long effort to embrace new innovations in the production of bikes. He picks the customary plans subsequently his bicycles looked antiquated. In a social viewpoint, Harley manufactured better representative boss relationship in this way prompting activity fulfillment and worker responsibility. In a monetary perspective, models created by Harley were costly in this manner the clients settled on less expensive items from different organizations. Watchmen investigation centers principally around the contenders. Harley confronted serious contention from Honda and BMW who created the two vehicles and cruisers making him free a few customers. (Schoenberg, Collier, Bowman, 2013). To improve his providing power, Harley improved his dissemination organize and joined pre-and after-deals administrations to his customers, which he accepted would build interest for the cruisers. Harley Principle Resources and Capabilities Rule assets decide the limit of a firm. In the first place, monetary assets; Harley had his deals to a great extent financed by advances from its budgetary administrations which was later held on its accounting report. Second, physical; the firm buckled down in improving its gear painting structures and offer of extra parts. Thirdly, innovation; Harley had less ability of innovation whereby he created old-styled bikes. Fourthly, notoriety; the organizations essential clients were maturing and purchased new bicycles less frequently. Ultimately, HR; the administration buyout in Harley upgraded representative relationship, and laborers turned out to be progressively dedicated. Proposals Harley was abandoned in receiving the new innovation. He would have been in a situation to adapt to the rising rivalry on the off chance that he received new innovation. Besides, he would think of different substitutes of cruisers as his rivals had done, permitting him to keep up his clients who might have decided on choices from the firm. Thirdly, he would have managed the costs of his items to rival those of his rivals. End Investigating the organizations qualities, shortcomings, openings, and dangers are fundamental in deciding the regions to be improved for it to be effective and accomplish its necessary objectives. A PESTLE examination is important to distinguish all the outer elements that would impact the presentation of Harley. Every one of these elements are major for the accomplishment of the objectives of a firm and ought not be expected. References Brannen, D. E., Miller, J. R., Ibrahim, N. A. (2012). HARLEY-DAVIDSON, INC. Schoenberg, R., Collier, N., Bowman, C. (2013). Methodologies for business turnaround and recuperation: a survey and synthesis.European Business Review,25(3), 243-262.

Compare and contrast Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Look into - Essay Example Be that as it may, a more intensive glance at what neediness truly is may make a few people start to alter their perspectives, and ideally their reactions, to individuals who can’t figure out how to just mix in with the working group. Two articles help to present the defense with respect to destitution from two distinct perspectives. One of the prime worries of destitution has to do with the everyday environments one is compelled to suffer because of having not many choices and no additional money. Mackey (2007) portrays this condition as being one of dread of your individual neighbors as housewives, endeavoring to get cash requests to pay their lease, thought that it was important to create expand plots so as to keep their cash securely concealed where the looters in the city between the check liquidating place and the mail station would not have the option to take it. Another circumstance she depicts is a one wherein a lady can’t even get the security light in the corridor outside her condo fixed in spite of the way that there has been a homicide simply outside her front entryway and her youngsters are hesitant to return home through the blood that is as yet doused into the floor covering. The article by Parker (1971) portrays comparable states of being caught in a house that is self-destructing around h er and there is no way around it or to enable her kids to escape from it in any positive manner. In the two circumstances, the absence of money is just a little piece of the issue. Bigger issues exist in the manner that society treats these people, either shunting them to the base of the ‘to do’ list for fixes and upkeep or overlooking them out and out and leaving them to decay away with the house and the remainder of the trash. Notwithstanding, while the two articles appear to concur that the issue of neediness works out in a good way past the issue of accessible money close by, they appear to take an alternate position in regards to the job of cash in making one destitution stricken. Talking from the outside glancing in, Mackey (2007) shows that destitution is less a

Elecdyne SWOT Analysis | Country SWOT For Labour

Elecdyne SWOT Analysis | Country SWOT For Labor Presentation Elecdyne is a Japanese little medium undertaking situated in Tokyo, which began business in 1990 with various five laborers. More than ten years, the development of the organization has expanded effectively, staff quality has expanded to 100 specialists and with the utilization of innovation authorized from various multinationals, the organization currently creates a wide scope of electronic items which incorporate TVs, CD players, DVD players, hello there fi supplies, Mp3 players and so forth. A short history into the Japanese economy shows that during the 1980s, the Japanese economy was the jealousy of the world. Gross domestic product per capita had ascended from $5,000 in 1960 to $15,000 in 1980, and by 1990 had overshadowed $22,000. Through the authority of organizations like Sony, Japan had become the away from in development of purchaser hardware items and high volume refined electronic gathering. The mix of developing indigenous interest, worldwide shopper hardware item initiative, and numerous long stretches of interest in assembling innovation and limit unquestionably profited Japanese gadgets makers the 1980s. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Japan extended at a yearly pace of 3.80 percent in the last quarter. Japan Gross Domestic Product is worth 4909 billion dollars or 7.92% of the world economy, as indicated by the World Bank. Japans industrialized, free market economy is the second-biggest on the planet. Its economy is profoundly proficient and serious in territories connected to global exchange, yet efficiency is far lower in secured zones, for example, horticulture, appropriation, and administrations. Japans supply of modern authority and specialists, knowledgeable and innovative work power, high reserve funds and speculation rates, and serious advancement of mechanical turn of events and outside exchange created a develop modern economy. Japan has barely any normal assets, and exchange encourages it gain the outside trade expected to buy crude materials for its economy Outline Japan has a past filled with battling with emptying. The 1990s are frequently alluded to as Japans lost decade as a result of its 10-year battle with falling costs. Therefore, a stale Japanese economy hosed interior shopper and business request, just as huge interest in household gadgets creation limit. As an outcome, Japanese creation has developed at just a large portion of the pace of the all out industry in the course of the most recent ten years, and neighborhood creation share is on a direction to decay to1980 levels throughout the following five to ten years In the course of recent years, Elecdyne has stayed stale; the organization had an underlying achievement rivaling cost yet is by and by discovering it progressively hard to contend given its need to pay for licenses, conveyance of items is restricted as provisions are inside the Japanese market just, trouble of employing research graduates, and its high pay rates as comparative with Eastern Europe and China, So as to identify the advantages and disadvantages the organization is experiencing, a SWOT investigation will be completed. The investigation takes a gander at inside elements, the qualities and shortcomings of the business, and outside elements, the chances and dangers confronting the business. The SWOT investigation will give a more clear picture into the status of the organization and the business condition wherein it is working in right now. Qualities: 20 years involvement with delivering hardware 100 staff workforce Ownership of types of gear required fro creation Unique Product assortment Shortcoming: Constrained market(supplies just to Japanese market) Poor money related position Absence of assets No development over the most recent two years Absence of advancement No marking steadfastness 5% cut down on cost Staff is less spurred Incapable to enlist RD graduates Absence of universal activities Low piece of the overall industry Openings: Adaptability High possibility for development Advances in innovation and the capacity to sell by means of the web New market open doors could be an approach to push elecdyne Changes in innovation could offer elecdyne a chance to support future achievement. Basic changes in the business open different entryways and open doors for elecdyne. Dangers: Forceful contenders Increment in permit cost Expanded rivalry from abroad is another danger to elecdyne as it could prompt absence of enthusiasm for their items/administrations. T he activities of a contender could be a significant danger against elecdyne, for example, in the event that they get new innovation or increment their workforce to fulfill need. A moderate economy or monetary stoppage could majorly affect elecdynes business and benefits. Absence of worldwide activities. R apidly changing business sector Products become old rapidly. Significant expense of work POTENTIAL STRATEGIES FOR ELECDYNE So as to contend in the hardware advertise, recorded underneath are a few procedures that can be valuable to Elecdyne. Lessen item range to a couple Introduce the organization to E-Business Company can move to a territory of lower cost Source less expensive providers to decrease cost Develop showcasing action to advance their items Re-marking of items so as to support organization name Offer work situations for understudies so as to help RD RECCOMENDATION After appropriate and cautious examination of Elecdyne Electronics Company, inorder for the organization to develop quickly and stay in showcase, we the administration thusly emphatically prescribe that the organization be moved to another nation ideally a nation that is a piece of the TRIAD advertise, in order to access more markets, extending relations with the abroad economy. Noteworthiness of Globalization The World Bank characterizes globalization as the opportunity and capacity of people and firms to start willful monetary exchanges with occupants of different nations. Milanovic (2002). In this definition, opportunity implies the absence of obstructions in the cross-outskirt development of capital and work power, in addition to other things, and limit implies that there is the capacity to give wares and administrations across fringes or to direct financial exercises in different nations. Glancing back at the past, apparently globalization progressed as innovation and data conveying limit with regards to move, interchanges, money, protection and different angles created and political boundaries to the development of exchange, capital and different things were expelled. These improvements helped pay levels, which thusly further developed monetary ties. Henceforth globalization is a pattern that realizes monetary turn of events. (Boyacigiller, 1990; Harzing, 2001). So as to appreciate t he advantages of globalization, it will be important to advance mechanical development in organizations immediately and quickly adjust financial and social frameworks to react to innovative development, take out boundaries and encourage HR that can complete these changes. Heizo (2004) Structural change is significant in Elecdynes relations with abroad economies Structural change animates the residential economy and is additionally significant during the time spent getting profits by globalization. As it were, the significant targets of basic change are to guarantee that the market component completely works, extensively upgrade profitability and move work and capital, among others, from low efficiency territories to high profitability regions. This will likewise permit Elecdyne to receive rewards from nearer financial ties with abroad economies. In business, the accomplishment of abroad activities has been ascribed to a few elements, for example, great system, keen showcasing, effec tive creation and astounding administration. Among them, compelling exile the executives has been very much archived (Mendenhall and Oddou, 1986; Dowling et al., 1999). Notwithstanding the way that the organization has had no contact with abroad market, we the administration of Elecdyne hardware have chosen to find a system on going worldwide concentrating more on nations inside the TRIAD advertise (which are Europe, North America and South East Asia). Thus we have thought of five potential nations that we could move to; contemplating two fundamental issues-Access to mechanical aptitude to keep away from dependence on huge multinationals, and cost minimisation. These nations have been picked dependent on a portion of the accompanying reasons: Trend setting innovation Wide region of land Positive business condition Minimal effort of crude materials and creation Exceptionally gifted work and so on. Investigation of the five nations utilizing SWOT Nation 1:- GERMANY It is the seventh biggest nation by zone in Europe and the 63rd biggest on the planet. As Europes biggest economy and second most crowded country (after Russia), Germany imparts fringes to more European nations than some other nation on the landmass. Its neighbors are Denmark in the north, Poland and the Czech Republic in the east, Austria and Switzerland in the south, France and Luxembourg in the south-west and Belgium and the Netherlands in the north-west. In this way Germany would cautiously be broke down utilizing the SWOT examination, Qualities Germany is the UKs number one European fare market and number two around the world among the universes biggest and most innovatively propelled makers of iron, steel, synthetics, hardware, vehicles, machine devices, gadgets Market-Germany has the biggest grouping of OEM plants in Europe Faculty Germany‘s amazing profoundly talented work power. 750,000 profoundly prepared and experienced individuals RD-Germany is home to 42 percent of all European OEM and level 0.5 provider car RD focuses. Has a portion of the universes best colleges, these include: Technical University, Munich Germany University of Bonn, Germany and so on Significant research organizations in Germany are the Max Planck society, the Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft and the Fraunhofer society. They are freely or remotely associated with the college framework and add to a significant degree to the logical yield.

The force you exert Essay Example for Free

The power you apply Essay The objective of this examination is to discover how the power you apply on pulling back an elastic band, which will thusly launch an unfilled margarine tub, influence the separation which the margarine tub will travel. We won't be changing any of different elements of the test, just the power and expansion of the elastic band, for that is the variable which we are researching. Expectation I foresee that the more power you apply, the further the margarine tub will travel, notwithstanding, I believe that the power and separation relationship won't increment equally, rather it would initially increment quickly, at that point the expansion will be less critical, and afterward rise somewhat. Logical explanation behind forecast Rubber is certainly not a material which obeys Hookes law and its augmentation doesnt increment consistently. Some versatile materials are planned to assimilate vitality. The more noteworthy the power that is applied, more the elastic band is broadened. The power in the elastic band is put away as potential vitality which is returned into active vitality once I have relinquished it, this vitality is moved into the margarine tub as motor vitality and accordingly it moves. An extended or compacted versatile band can do work when discharged. As the elastic band is discharged, the power that it applies reduces with separation. Gear  Rubber band  Chair/stool  Rulers  An void margarine tub  A newton meter that goes up to 10N Procedure  Loop the elastic band around the front legs of a seat. Spot a margarine tub at its focal point.  Place 2 meter rulers in succession from the situation of the margarine tub. Snare a newton meter on to the focal point of the elastic band and pull it back as per the necessary power.  Release newton meter.  Measure and record the separation went by the tub.  Repeat for different powers. Outline Fig. 1 Front perspective on mechanical assembly. Fig. 2 Side perspective on mechanical assembly Fair test We ensured that it was a reasonable test by the accompanying conditions: All tests were completed on a similar surface to limit varieties in erosion, and so on. All tests were done with a similar elastic band; flexibility, vitality stockpiling potential, and so on, might be diverse in different elastic groups.  Use a similar margarine tub for all tests or the mass, size and shape may change.  Always place the tub similarly situated toward the beginning of each trial.  Make sure that the newton meter is constantly snared at the focal point of the elastic band to maintain a strategic distance from directional difference in the tub subsequent to catapulting.  Always newton meter around a similar measure of elastic, eg, if the elastic band is circled around the stool, snare it around the two lengths: 2 Table to show increment in good ways From the normal focuses, the diagram shows a by and large straight line of increment. As the power applied increments, so does the separation which the margarine tub voyages. By and large, the expansion from each past (I. e. one less newton) explore is 18. 77cm in spite of the fact that there is a somewhat huge contrast in the range between tests. The scope of the biggest increment and the littlest is 21. 4cm; the littlest increment being 7N to 8N, which was just 7cm and the biggest was from 5N to 6N; which was 28. 4cm. Nonetheless, disregarding any inconsistencies, you can see that the expansion in contrasts between separations are regularly bigger in the second 50% of the investigations with the bigger powers, than the in the main half with the littler powers. One thing I saw was the connection between the separation voyaged and the power applied, there appeared to be a solid example framing; the separation of a specific power duplicated by 3 is pretty much equivalent to the removed went by the margarine tub at a power that is double the size of the essential power. See Table 3. Power (N) Distance (cm) 1.Table. 3 The outcomes show a solid connection between one another, when the power pairs, the separation trebles. I likewise saw that the relationship worked very well for the initial not many qualities however not all that fittingly for the later half (bigger powers). This fits well with the Force/Extension law of elastic; in the event that the example had happens all through the outcomes, at that point it would mean the connection among power and augmentation could be plotted as a straight line, however that isn't the situation. It was particularly obvious with the biggest outcomes we had picked up for each trial; the line of best fit was a bended line. It doesn't accommodate my expectation since I had anticipated that the expansion of separation would get greater for the bigger powers, however on the other hand, our scope of powers wasnt precisely that enormous either. Elastic is a polymeric substance and doesn't obey Hookes law, power and expansion of elastic is anything but a straight line and in this way the power that it applies on the margarine tub doesn't increment equally; power lessens with separation and it stays flexible until it breaks. The vitality put away as a material is disfigured is spoken to by the region between the bend and augmentation pivot. See Graph 2. Chart. 2 Graph indicating the measure of vitality put away in relation to augmentation. Vitality is never spent and for this situation, it is moved into the margarine tub, which thus utilizes this vitality to drive its development. In the law about the protection of energy, the resultant power depends on the underlying powers of the two bodies, so my outcomes propose that the more power I apply on pulling back the elastic band, the quicker it draws back and along these lines expanding its force, which thus gives moves it onto the fixed margarine tub. My expectations Evaluation I believe that my outcomes are solid since I had rehashed each investigation multiple times and had gotten pretty much comparable outcomes and it is likely precise seeing as it fits into an example and the outcomes appear as a generally straight line. Additionally, we didn't move the rulers during the trial nor the newton meter. There were strange outcomes be that as it may, conceivably brought about by crash with earth on the floor or an off kilter sway with the tub; which may bring about an alter of course or an alternate way of projection being taken. If I somehow managed to do this trial once more, I would change the accompanying things:  The surface on which we were working; we were working in a somewhat packed condition and the floor was not perfect so there was loads of erosion and this could have influenced the outcomes.  The discharge system; I imagine that the manner in which we discharged the elastic band could have been improved, as opposed to letting the entire newton meter go, we could simply have a separable part for the gadget could have hauled over the floor and protracted time of effect. I would stamp out the focal point of the tub with the goal that I got it precisely focus each time instead of simply evaluating. I would check out the focal point of the elastic terrible with the goal that I got it precisely focus each time as opposed to simply assessing. Notwithstanding this arrangement of tests, I might likewise want to gauge the speed of the withdrawal of the versatile band and its augmentation so I can consolidate it into a portion of different standards of material science and check whether it fits with my examination. On the off chance that I had those outcomes I could bring force into the examination also. I could likewise try out some bigger powers to check whether the example referenced in Graph 1 really applies for this situation. The outcomes I had achieved didn't exactly show that design yet it could have recently been a little area of a greater entirety. To gauge the speed of the withdrawal, I would quantify the separation of the augmentation and time the slip by between arrival of the elastic band and the contact with the tub and partition the separation when. See Fig. 4. Fig. 4 Measuring expansion.

14 Fun Things Couples Should Do Together

14 Fun Things Couples Should Do Together February 03, 2020 More in Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems LGBTQ Violence and Abuse When the kids arent around, its easy to want to sit and do nothing for a break. But your marriage can easily fall into a rut if you and your spouse dont take advantage of those stolen moments with each other. Balance your children and married life with fun things couples should do together right now to strengthen your bond with each other. Illustration by JR Bee, Verywell   Plan a Date Night Together Parents always welcome a spontaneous date night. But in the downtime between those spontaneous breaks away from your routine, plan a complete date night together. Date nights dont have to be expensive to be fun either. Plan a cheap date night that gets you both out of the house without having to analyze your family budget. Exercise Together Many of the workouts that are best for women are also good exercises for men. Team up and exercise together. Not only will you two get to spend time together, but youll also get in better shape. Cook Together You know the old saying, The couple that cooks together stays together, right? Well, break out the measuring cups and cookbook to spice things up in the kitchen. At least one night a month, you and your spouse should wait to eat dinner until the kids go to bed. Then, cook your meal together and enjoy a nice quiet dinner for just the two of you. Can you get out of the house? Take a cooking class together to learn some new recipes and cooking techniques. Redecorate Together Make a change! Pick a room to redecorate together. It could be a room that needs to be organized and a makeover is a great motivation. Or, it could be a room your family uses often and you just want to freshen up the look. Decorating the perfect room isnt about being a master interior designer. Its about the time you and your spouse spend together while working on something your whole family will enjoy. Dance Together May I have this dance? Play those old records (if you still have them) or put on your favorite mp3s. Ask your spouse for a dance in the kitchen. Or, take your moves out on the town and hit the dance clubs. Blog Together You and your spouse are a great team. Try something different and blog together. Brainstorm for topics you two would enjoy co-blogging about, from your common interests to a she said/he said type of blog. Then, work together to come up with a blog design, pick a template, and start blogging. Read a Book Together Curl up on the couch or in bed and read a book together. Read out loud or read together quietly. Start your own private book club for the two of you. Discuss the books youre reading over coffee or your favorite meal. Relax Together Most guys wont jump at the chance to spend their free time at a spa. But, you can convince them to have an at-home spa day where you both relax while spending time together. If hes still not into a spa day, turn on some relaxing music, dim the lights and get cozy on the couch with each other to simply unwind. Create a Spa-Tastic Way to Relax and Let Go of Stress at Home Take up New Hobbies Together He loves video games and you would rather be scrapbooking. Find common ground and look for hobbies you would enjoy together. There could be a simple connection between your hobbies, such as birdwatching on a nature walk. He modifies his love of hunting to spying through binoculars and you take pictures of the birds you find for a special scrapbook. Play Games Together You probably play your fair share of Candyland and Chutes and Ladders throughout the day. Save some game time for your spouse. Whether youre hitting the Xbox together or sitting down for some face-to-face time with the best card and board games, games can be a great stress reliever, present you with plenty of moments to laugh, and test your competitive spirit. Game on! Watch TV and Movies Together Sure, you watch TV and movies together. Its one of the simplest activities you can do at the end of another long day of kid raising. But, be sure its just the two of you in the room. No gadgets. No status updates. No sitting far apart. Sit together. Hold hands. Just as you can make TV interactive when watching with the whole family, you can do the same when its just you and your spouse. Its also a great time to snuggle and get closer while doing something so routine as watching TV or a movie. Review Your Life Together Youve spent a lot of years together and there are many more to come. Take some time to review your life together. Pull out old photo albums and take a look at your first pictures together. Look at where all youve been over the years together as a couple and keep flipping those pages until you reach your most recent photos together as a family. Get Away Together Pack your suitcase and get away for the night, weekend, or a week-long trip. A romantic getaway recharges you both and gives you some quality time outside of your familiar walls. If your budget is tight, opt for a one-night excursion and place your bid on a local hotel through Priceline. If your low bid doesnt win any of the hotels in the star rating you choose, you dont pay. Give it a try for a low-cost getaway thats right around the corner from your home. Renew Your Vows Looking for something to do together thats a little more elaborate? Renew your vows in front of friends and family or have a private ceremony in your living room. Renewing your vows is a great reminder of the bond you two have with each other and its also a fun way to incorporate your kids into your vow renewal ceremony. A Word From Verywell Every day is a celebration of your marriage and family. Celebrate those moments. Mark your calendar to celebrate your first date, the date you got engaged and, of course, your wedding. But also be sure to celebrate other life moments. If your spouse gets a promotion, cook a special meal to celebrate. If you pass your annual exam with flying colors, enjoy an evening out together. We often sweep these regular life moments under the rug but celebrating them as they happen is another way to celebrate you, your spouse, your family, and the life you have together.

NCCPA Examination Content Blueprint PDF (ECB)

When studying for the PANCE or PANRE let the NCCPA Content Blueprint be your guide! Along with a good review book, the content blueprint allows you to focus your review on the topics that will be covered on the PANCE and PANRE. In my experience, it is best to review the blueprint, find your weak spots and attack those first. Current Medicine has a brief and concise review of most topics. Download an updated PDF of the Examination Content Blueprint (ECB)from the NCCPA. TheECBlists the diseases that you should focus on and describes which information you should study for each disease. Follow the link below: Break down theECBinto parts that are easy to handle, depending on the time you have before the exam. (You should know your study habit by now). NCCPA Exam Content Blueprint Looking for a new and improved exam blueprint that is truly interactive? The NCCPA Content Blueprint on SMARTYPANCE Cardiology 16% - 51 topics (diseases) Pulmonary 12% - 32 topics(diseases) GI and Nutrition 10% - 41 topics(diseases) Musculoskeletal 10% - 39 topics(diseases) ENT 9% - 57topics(diseases) Reproductive 8% - 46 topics(diseases) Genitourinary 6% - 30 topics(diseases) Neurology 5% - 27 topics(diseases) Endocrinology6% - 18 topics(diseases) Psychiatry 6% - 26 topics(diseases) Dermatology 5% - 45 topics(diseases) Hematology 3% - 18 topics(diseases) Infectious Disease 3% - 35 topics(diseases) Total:13 organ systems and467 topics (diseases) There arepearls sets with flashcards to help simplify the review process and help you hone in on the important questions stems. Print it up and start crossing out the topics you understand, marking the ones you don't and making notes of key terms you should remember. The PDF version is interactive and linked directly to the individual lessons on SMARTY PANCE. Follow this link to download your FREE copy of the Content Blueprint Checklist Free Download There is also asearchable online index of the entire content blueprint as part of the Smarty PANCE/PANCE board review website. The checklist links to each of these 467 topics, members can simply click on a topic to explore it further. Also included are 13 topic specific content blueprint exams available to all members, as well as a slough of other exams and review material. Members of both the PANCE and PANRE Academy and Smarty PANCE receive access to both sites with a single login... Cool! If you areinterested in becoming a member you can sign up here (The PANCE and PANRE Academy) or here (Smarty PANCE + ReelDx) Important Links from the NCCPA PANRE (Recertification) Here is the complete guide to taking the PANRE on the NCCPA Web Site. PANCE (Initial Certification) Here is the complete guide to taking the PANCE on the NCCPA Web Site. You may also like -The PANCE and PANRE Preparation Checklist Let's break down your PANCE and PANRE preparation in as few steps as possible 1. Download the 'Examination Content Blueprint' (ECB) from the NCCPA The ECB lists the diseases that you should focus on and describes which information []The PANCE and PANRE Content Blueprint ChecklistYour Blueprint to Success Starts Here! If you are at all like me the hardest part of studying for your PANCE or PANRE is figuring out where to begin. There is an ever-growing list of review books, podcasts, online programs, in-person []Overview of the PANCE, PANRE and Pilot Alternative BlueprintsNew 2019 PANCE, PANRE and Pilot Alternative to PANRE blueprints. With a look at the new PANRE three-tier assessment system.

Database Security A Valuable Asset For Organizations And...

Abstract In this paper, the subject of database security is explored. Having a solid comprehension of database security should be considered a requirement within any organization. Data is a valuable asset for organizations and must be protected. An event can have adverse effect on a database system and must be considered a threat. This paper explores and introduces the reader to common threats to database systems and how to counter such threats. There is a strong need to control and manage data contained within a database system, and it is the role of the database management system to ensure that data is kept secure and confidential. The security of databases is more crucial today than it ever has been. Inadequate database security†¦show more content†¦Database security is the process of protect a database from unauthorized activity. Defining Database Security A database is a â€Å"collection of information that is organized so that it can be easily accessed, managed and updated† (). A database management system is software that is used for creating and managing databases. This allows users a method to create, retrieve, and manage data. The database management system manages the data, the engine, and the database schema. Database security utilizes collective measures to secure and protect a database or database management software from illicit use and malicious threats and attacks. This requires a significant number of processes, tools, and methodologies that promote security within a database. Database security encompasses each component of the database including data stored in database, database server, database management system, and other database workflow applications. A database administrator is responsible for monitoring and troubleshooting database performance. They direct all personnel and activities related to maintaining the database. In most cases, it is the responsibility of the database administrator and other information security personnel to plan, implement, and maintain the security of the database. Due to more threats and risk to databases, the need to secure databases has also increased. Threats toShow MoreRelatedNational Cybersecurity Policies And Regulations Essay1255 Words   |  6 Pagesto create information systems which are more effective shielded systems to protect their assets and resources at home. The foundation of any mandated cybersecurity strategies that secure our nation national security must incorporate worldwide or state local threats whether targeted toward the federal government or the private sector forces. The OPM breach highlighted the insufficient and inconsistence security approaches the federal government has already used in modernizing the existing cybersecurityRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography On Database Security1383 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: Database security is the system, processes and procedure that protect the database from unauthorized individual or malicious attacks. The researches on database security has been increased gradually over the years as the most of critical business functionalities and military secrets became digitized. Database is an integral part of the information system and often holds the sensitive data. The database have to be protected from external connections like firewalls or routers on the networkRead MoreIn Today’S Technologically Advanced Society, Data Is An1682 Words   |  7 Pagesis an extremely valuable resource that is used daily by individuals and large corporations. Data is stored within databases to allow the process of retrieving and supervising data simplistic and efficient. Data plays a crucial role in today’s society and must be protected from all threats to maintain the data’s integrity. Security is one of the most important and challenging tasks that conc erns the entire world but provides safety and comfort for those it defends. Similarly, security in the world ofRead MoreDatabase Security and Encryption: A Survey Study3964 Words   |  16 Pages– 888) Volume 47– No.12, June 2012 Database Security and Encryption: A Survey Study Iqra Basharat Farooque Azam National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan ABSTRACT Security in today’s world is one of the important challenges that people are facing all over the world in every aspect of their lives. Similarly security in electronic world has a great significanceRead MoreDatabase Technology And Its Impact On Business Operations1577 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction Database technology is one of the technologies that is every ware. We can say they almost permeate our lives: Banking, health care providers, libraries, online stores, beauty salons, travel agencies, phone companies, government agencies like FBI, INS, IRS, and NASA — they all use databases.(needs paraphrasing). The question is why are the important? They allow data to be retained and shared electronically and the amount of data contained in these systems continues to grow at an exponentialRead MoreSecurity Data And Information Security Plan Essay1360 Words   |  6 Pagesinformation security plan. Not only the large companies but also small companies should think about the security before facing a lot of issues such as losing data or crashing the system. This paper will advise some security planning and techniques to assist Voit Tool Die company strengthen and improve their security protection plan. 1. Introduction: Security data and information is very important for any company in the world. Indeed, high technology environment, and organizations become moreRead MoreManaging Risks Of Managing Risk Management1710 Words   |  7 Pagesin the world of business today, and covers issues from budgets, to legal issues as well as security for a company, and these are topics that will be discussed in this study. Often the success of a company depends on the risk management skills of the team and leaders. How well risk management in business is handled will decide whether the mission of the company will be carried out and it is primary to security. This study will look at issues that are affected by risk management and draw conclusion onRead MoreWhat Is Intellectual Property?1338 Words   |  5 Pagesmanaging the IP assets is critical when establishing a product or service in the market and is often the difference between a successful or failing business. The following list identifies IP and other intangible assets that may be associated with a business: †¢ Patents and trade marks †¢ Domain names †¢ Copyright and industrial design registration †¢ Franchises and licenses †¢ Distribution agreements †¢ Newspaper mastheads/publishing rights †¢ Secret processes and formulas †¢ Information databases, includingRead MoreThe Human And Imaginative Aspects Of Cyber Threats1745 Words   |  7 Pagesopportunity and critical risk. A universities high-value sensitive data is indispensable to both, and a key asset that differentiates organizations. While it is impractical to keep it ‘locked down’ and yet open, its utilization can undermine the organization s existence. Subsequently, the challenge for IT team security personnel and college executives is striking a delicate posture being security aware and remaining business driven. The human and imaginative aspects of cyber threats changed dramaticallyRead MoreTaking a Look at Information Warfare1781 Words   |  7 Pagesis a threat for organization and their assets. (Knapp,Boulton, 2006) Information is a valuable asset for businesses and organizations. Advances in information technology facilities the storing, transferring, and modifying of data. Organizations use information technologies such as the Internet and networked technology to reduce operating costs, improve customer service, and improve productivity. However, Using the Internet has increased the number of frontier that must be protected and has bought

Lord Of The Flies By William Arthur - 1541 Words

Arthur stood by the window and gazed longingly out of it. He began daydreaming. He imagined what his knights were doing at that moment. Lancelot was probably helping some poor servant with their chores, Gwaine was probably (no, definitely) in the tavern, Elyan was probably helping a blacksmith run his forge, Leon was probably training or on duty (he always seems to be doing extra shifts), and Percival was probably lifting weights or reading. Arthur for the life of him couldn’t work out what that big guy would get up to in his spare time. His pondering was interrupted with his chamber door flying open to reveal a slightly breathless Merlin with his arms laden with food. The manservant grinned happily at the prince and laid his food on the†¦show more content†¦He was a horrible servant but he was good friend, no matter what Arthur said aloud, and being responsible for his death was not what Arthur wanted. â€Å"Are sure that it is safe?† Arthur asked cautiously. â€Å"Gaius said it was but if it isn’t I can always get you a new manservant,† Uther shrugged. â€Å"You are dismissed.† Arthur bowed and exited the dark hall. -END FLASHBACK- Now, as Arthur was eating and Merlin was folding all his master’s clothes, Arthur reached into his pocket and pulled out the tall glass bottle. He quietly popped of the top and poured singular drop of liquid into his goblet of water. â€Å"Merlin,† Merlin turned hearing his name. â€Å"Come sit here and have a drink. You look exhausted.† Merlin walked almost cautiously over to the table. â€Å"Be careful, sire. Keep this up and I might get the impression that you care about me!† Merlin jested. He sat and took the goblet from Arthur’s outstretched hand and drank deeply. Arthur watched Merlins expression as it morphed from an annoying grin to a look of disorientation or something of the like. â€Å"Merlin?† Arthur cried as his manservants eyes glazed over. â€Å"Are you alright?† â€Å"Yes,† came Merlin’s response in a monotone voice, his expression completely blank. Arthur figured that the truth serum was working in its very creepy way. â€Å"What is your name?† â€Å"Merlin† â€Å"Where did you grow up?† â€Å"Ealdor† ArthurShow MoreRelatedThe Lord of the Flies by William Golding776 Words   |  3 PagesThe novel Lord of the Flies presents the themes of evil and sin as an innate, inevitable and negative feature throughout the novel, similar to the play The Crucible. William Golding uses Lord of the Flies as an allegory to present evil and sin through different symbols within the novel, with boys being trapped on an island. Arthur Miller presents evil and sin through a contextual, Puritan society within various characters. Even though both writers present these themes, Golding presents it in theRead MoreLord of the Flies and the Crucible1355 Words   |  6 PagesSavagery, insanity and murder, one would never think that â€Å"innocent† children were capable of such appalling things, but maybe we are wrong. In both Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, and The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, both of these authors wrote about children acting as just that and many characters became very similar to each other. Each society had potential in being successful, but both had major flaws that key characters discovered and then used to tear the fragile fabric that the societyRead MoreHuman Nature And Savagery In William Goldings Lord Of The Flies1037 Words   |  5 Pagesand order are cast off, and anarchy comes in, he shows himself for what he really is. - Arthur Schopenhauer In today’s world, human behaviours are driven by the civilization preset by society. In the rare occasion that the civilization is taken away, humans unveil their true selves: animals with a savage and evil nature. In 1954, after leaving the Royal Navy, William Golding wrote his story Lord of the Flies, which focuses on a group of young boys stranded on an island after their plane crashedRead MoreLord of the Flies1264 Words   |  6 PagesLord of the Flies Essay Arthur Golden wrote â€Å"Adversity is like a strong wind. It tears away from us all but the things that cannot be torn, so that we see ourselves as we really are.† Adversities are unavoidable, and when they arise; people may not know how to handle the difficulties they are faced with. While in the middle of misfortunate situations, certain individuals reveal their true character and qualities they have that would not be present in normal circumstancesRead MoreLord of the Flies2048 Words   |  9 Pagesnovels? In William Golding’s Lord of the Flies, symbols are illustrated through people, objects, and colors. In this novel, a group of children are faced with the difficulty of living isolated from society after their plane crashes on a deserted island. With no formal civilization, parents, or rules, the kids have the freedom to do as they choose. Throughout the novel, the boys find and use objects on the island that symbolize something of different importance. In Lord of the Flies, William GoldingRead MoreLord Of The Flies And The Crucible Comparison Essay1255 Words   |  6 PagesFear can cause people do some crazy actions. The book, Lord of the Flies, by William Golding and the movie, The Crucible, by Arthur Miller both have many character traits in common. They both show variations of how everyone in both The Lord of the Flies and the Crucible, experience having the fear of the unknown. Each character from both the book and the movie express it in a different way. The fear of the unknown can haunt many characters. Parachute’s body and spectral evidence, Jack and AbigailRead MoreSatire Essay1198 Words   |  5 Pagesthe topic at hand. The author is very gentle with any criticism towards a person, institution, or issue. The effect of Horatian satire on a reader is laughter or a wry smile. Horatian satire can be found in literary works. In the novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding, satire can be found in the actions of one character named Piggy. Piggy is the boy that is the nerd or intellectual of the group. Piggy represents the intellectuals that created that atomic bomb in WWII. Golding was strongly opposedRead MoreConflict Rises from Power Essay1568 Words   |  7 Pageschallenge authority which leads to social conflict between the two groups. Lord of the Flies a novel by William Golding about the savageness in all innocence and explores the concept of fighting for power to gain status and attitude. Power can be gained, won and fought for but the struggle for it can cause inner, social and religious conflict is explored in all three texts some the concept more clearer than others. Arthur Miller explores characters that manifest social and religious conflict initiatedRead More Conflict rises from power Essay1531 Words   |  7 Pageschallenge authority which leads to social conflict between the two groups. Lord of the Flies a novel by William Golding about the savageness in all innocence and explores the concept of fighting for power to gain status and attitude. Power can be gained, won and fought for but the struggle for it can cause inner, social and religious conflict is explored in all three texts some the concept more clearer than others. Arthur Miller explores characters that manifest social and religious conflict initiatedRead MoreSetting Archetypes1258 Words   |  6 Pagesbecame a symbol of an eternal, forbidden paradise. The walled gardens of later Christian art show the Madonna/Virgin Mary figure with baby Jesus protected behind the garden walls, which implies that garden walls protected virginity in young women. William Shakespeare in Romeo and Juliet manages to blend the old and the new in his balcony scene. Japanese gardens, as in Japanese literature, have a totally different cultural history. Intricate landscaping and water features were used to create a place

Iphone and Ethical Issues Essay - 829 Words

On June 29, 2007, Apple Inc. launched sales of the iPhone at Apple and ATT stores across the country. Many hours earlier, enthusiastic customers lined up outside stores to get the first iPhone in their hands. The iPhone is more than just a breakthrough mobile-phone device. It is a strategy that may expand Apples sphere of influence. Apple elegantly combined a mobile phone, mp3 player, and personal digital assistant (PDA) on the same machine characterized by its unique, innovative design. On July 26, a class-action lawsuit was filed against Apple over the iPhone battery. According to the lawsuit, Apple did not disclose that the batteries of the iPhone were not user-replaceable. Apple faces criticism because it did not disclose the†¦show more content†¦This practice allows retailers to sell devices with rebates or discounts. The second ethical dilemma is related to Apples failure to disclose the fact that the battery needs to be replaced after 300 to 400 charges and that customers must surrender their iPhone to Apple for replacement. The iPhone is not a just mobile phone; it is a power hungry device equipped with a touch screen, colorful user interface, portable mp3 player, web browser, PDA and more. Owners of all other mobile phones can purchase and replace their batteries themselves and without risk to the device. By contrast, iPhone owners find it is extremely hard to open the iPhone case. The iPhones battery is glued to the unit, and the wires from the battery to the circuit board are soldered. This clearly shows that Apple does not appear willing to provide a battery replacement option unless design changes are made in future models. The third ethical dilemma is related to problems with the iPhones exclusive carrier, ATT. Currently, the iPhone comes with a 14-day trial period. But ATT service provides a 30-day trial period. This definitely puts customers in an uncomfortable position when they decide to cancel iPhone service after the 14-day trial period. Apple is clearly trying to minimize consumers rights by contradicting its own carriers service plan. Lastly, the most important fact consumers need to realize is that personal information can beShow MoreRelatedEthical Issues, Social Media Influence, and Medical Concerns of the iPhone 5 C Model979 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction The iPhone 5 C model has incorporated multiple technologies that could affect the current global atmosphere differently. For instance, the fact that this product can connect to multiple medical gadgets could alter the current medical practices. In addition, its production resulted in ethical issues that could affect its future users and non-users. This is because most of the ethical issues affect the workers (who could be prospective iPhone 5 C users). Another important aspect to noteRead MoreUnethical Issues of Apple Iphone Essay943 Words   |  4 Pagesstructure of your assignment on ethical issues of a company selected by you. You may first identify two or three ethical problems and then discuss how to solve them. Remember including relevant citations to support your evidences and viewpoints. Ethical issues in iPhone 1ï ¼Å½ Introduction ï ¼Å½ With an elegant combination of a mobile phone, iPod and personal digital assistant (PDA), iPhone was launched at Apple and ATT stores across the US on June 29, 2007(Place, 2007). iPhone is by no means a prodigiousRead MoreEthical Issues Of Business Are Common1285 Words   |  6 Pages Ethical issues in business are common. However, some people believe that if they just follow the law, that business will be ethically robust. â€Å"No matter how important, the law cannot and should not solve all the difficult issues which currently confront business people† (Cracium, 2015, p.43). Following the law does not always ensure morally sound decisions. Companies and each of their employee’s make choices that can have ethical implications. Ethical standards play a specific and irreplaceableRead MoreThe Iphone Of The Ipad Craze1396 Words   |  6 PagesThe iPhone Craze â€Å"First was the mouse. The second was the click wheel. And now, we re going to bring multi-touch to the market. And each of these revolutionary interfaces has made possible a revolutionary product - the Mac, the iPod and now the iPhone (Iphone Quotes, 2001-2014).† Steve Jobs said this of his company, Apple, which has transformed the world around us. Over the years, the iPhone has evolved from the original to the latest iPhone. This relatively new technology integrates numerousRead More​In Order For A Company Or Professional To Excel In The1408 Words   |  6 Pages​In order for a company or professional to excel in the world of business or technology they have to adopt a code of ethics. A code of ethics is a set of different values and ethical standards that a company or professional must adhere to in order to conduct business. (Byum) One of the biggest companies that have changed not only the technological world but the business world as well is Apple. Si nce the founding of the company in 1976 it has continued to grow and has become one of the highest grossingRead MoreBusiness Ethics: Apple1300 Words   |  5 Pagesin a manner that is ethical and sound. As the world becomes an increasingly global society, people are more aware of how their actions impact the lives and futures of others. One ethical issue that many companies in America face is the decision on whether or not to outsource labor to other countries. The reasons that this conundrum is enticing are obvious. Labor is cheaper overseas and thus saves the company money, adding to an even wider profit margin. This is no small issue and is something whichRead MoreSteve Jobs : A Visionary Leader1632 Words   |  7 Pages Do you care how your wealth is accumulated, or are you simply concerned with the outcome? If you care about how your wealth is accumulated, then you want a pioneer or visionary to champion that endeavor and you probably are concerned about the ethical behavior of that pioneer. In the following paragraphs, I will demonstrate how Steve Jobs was a visionary leader. I will also prove Steve Jobs was an unethical leader. Lastly, I will give personal examples of how I have experienced the same leadershipRead MoreThe Ethical Relationship Between Apple And Foxconn1120 Words   |  5 PagesHowever, society are unaware about the rising ethical issues that are presented behind the production of different technologies. The relationship between Apple and Foxconn displays a strong primary example of the ethical issue. Apple is perceived as one of the dominant technological and innovative company providing the world with its technology. Despite this, Foxconn ultimately faced many ethical issues as a supply chain of Apple’s products. The ethical issues that are presented are low working conditionsRead MoreApple Inc. Ethical Issues1537 Words   |  7 PagesApple’s ethical success and challenges. First I will discuss how Apple’s p hilosophy and organizational culture have impacted how it handles ethical decisions. Secondly, I will talk about why Apple’s industry is so competitive and how this could affect the ethical risk in Apple’s operations. Lastly, I will share my opinion about how Apple has handled the various ethical issues that it has faced in the past. Apple’s philosophy and organizational culture have impacted how it handles ethical decisionsRead MoreThe Legal Battle Between Apple And The Fbi1129 Words   |  5 Pages Personal privacy is a right that people should have; regardless of the government’s demands. Apple, the company, known for making the infamous iPhone and several other traditional electronic devices, doesn’t think the government should be allowed to break into their customer’s iPhones. Resulting in an intense prolonged legal battle between the government and Apple. The legal battle concerns a backdoor master key that would allow the government to see all personal data on a particular Apple device

History Of Computers During World War II - 948 Words

History of Computers Introduction In today’s modern world, it’s hard to imagine life without computers. Throughout the decades, computers have gotten better, faster, and smaller. It’s hard to imagine that before the 20th century almost all calculations were done by mechanical devices such as the electromechanical computers; or, the first digital computers that had huge tubes around them that you had to designate a whole room just to fit the computer in. Today we have Internet, phone book, pictures, videos, telephone, mail, and camera that is compacted into one tiny device that can fit in your pocket. Electromechanical Computers There was a big push for technological advancement during World War II in order to gain the upper hand in the war. The computers built during this time period were mainly electromechanical. The calculations were performed by electrical switches that signaled the mechanical operation. Konrad Zuse, German Computer Engineer, created Z2; one of the very first electromechanical relay computers. It used fixed point arithmetic with 16-bits2. This was an upgrade from the previous one he had made named the Z1. The Z1 had a 22 floating point bit, but was slower2. Therefore, Z2 was more desired because it could compile data quicker. Around the same time, electromechanical devices called ‘bombes’ were created by the British in order to decipher the machines that the Germans had built during World War II3. The US laterShow MoreRelatedâ€Å"The Greatest Generation†: A Study of World War II Technology800 Words   |  4 PagesGeneration†: A Study of World War II Technology To some, World War II may seem like a great war that happened a long time ago, a war where however great the innovations during the war were, they are much out of date now, and so they have no impact on today’s world. But to another, who understand the world and how it grows, realize that wherever a nation is, it is in that position because of its history. This means that without all of the improvements of technology during World War II, the world as we know itRead MoreThe History of Cryptography Essay1420 Words   |  6 Pagescodes and ciphers to protect secrets and has been around for centuries. It has its beginnings in ancient Egypt and has played a role in every part of history to its current role in protecting communications across today’s computer networks. In classical times cryptology was not as sophisticated as it is today, but it had its uses for that time in history. The early Greeks used what was called the Scytale Cipher. It was used between the Greek and Spartan armies and was very popular for its ease of useRead MoreInventions and Advancements that Took Place During World War II1655 Words   |  7 Pagesthat took place during World War II have shaped and affected lives around the world. Although most inventions during that time were made specifically for the war, they managed to find their way into mainstream life (Science). Like an infectious disease, technological advancements boomed and became contagious, spreading around the world. World War II has advanced technology, science, math, and medicine; and it has affected the lives of people now and in the 1940s more than any other war fought. RadarRead MoreContributors to the Invention of the Digital Computer and Its Effects on History1096 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the mid-twentieth century many inventions were created in America. The 1900s included important inventions such as the airplane and telephone. Along with this time of innovation and invention came World War II, a large impetus to create something new. The digital computer was just one of these many inventions. The digital computer was invented in around 1940, right within the World War II time period. George Stibitz was recognized as the father of the invention although there were many stepsRead MoreThe American Dream and the Post War Era Essay1187 Words   |  5 PagesAfter World War II, America had to take a step back and take a look at their country. The American Dream had been restored upon the atrocities of the war. In the 1930’s the American Dream was primarily focused on working hard, men providing for their families, and trying to rise fro m the depression. In the 1940’s, post World War II things changed and consumerism and feminism began to play a key role along with many other factors. There are many ways to describe the American dream and what aspectsRead MoreThe Influence Of World War And World1248 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿The Influence of World War II and World War II WANG Jing MScPP TD2 Abstract: This article talk about how World War â…   and World War â… ¡ impact Europe. Describe it through three aspects of political, economic and cultural. Key words: World War I, World War II ,Europe, History, Culture 1. Introduction World War I and World War II were the war mainly battlefield in Europe but spread to the world ad last for years in history. It has a very profound influence on Europe s economy, political and cultureRead MoreComputers Are Born Of Lazy Mathematicians1400 Words   |  6 Pages00101100 00100000 01110111 01101111 01110010 01101100 01100100 00100001 Hello, world! That’s what all of those little ones and zeros mean. Having the computer print out the words, â€Å"Hello, world!† is typically one of the very first programs that students learning to write computer code learns to do. It’s quite a simple and straightforward program by today’s standard. But that hasn’t always been the case. The computer science field has been around much longer than most people realize. It didn’t allRead MoreHistory of the Computer1148 Words   |  5 PagesThe History of the Computer Long before computers were invented, humans realized the need for them. The history of the Computer started about 2000 years ago with the abacus. It is a wooden rack holding two horizontal wires with beads strung on them and was one of the best calculating machines until the seventeenth century (PBS, 1). In 1835, English inventor, Charles Babbage came up with the idea of the Analytical Machine, a general purpose, fully programmed-controlled, automatic mechanical digitalRead MoreComputer Engineering : A Computer1340 Words   |  6 Pages2014 Computer Engineering INTRODUCTION Looking through the various topics of which to write a paper on, I came across computer engineering. For as long as I can remember I have had a fascination with computers. When I was seven years old, I came across a cube shaped object at my grandparent’s house. The object was called a computer, specifically an Apple Emac. My grandpa told me about all the interesting things this computer could preform. From then on, I was fixated on using the computer. EveryRead MoreThe 1950s: A Deacde of Progress and Change in America Essay1017 Words   |  5 PagesWorld War II had just ended. Women that were working because their husbands were out fighting in the war came back home when the war ended. The 1940’s ended and it was time for a new decade. The 1950’s were looked as a state of mind or a way of living instead of another time in American history. The 1950’s were the most influential decade in American history because the civil rights act began, fashion was completely new and trendy there were more much advancement in entertainment and medicine

Business Management Study Guide Free Essays

Sample Test-Chapter 15 Student: ___________________________________________________________________________ 1. An organization expands its private Internet to connect with customers, suppliers, and other partners. This expansion is called its A. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Management Study Guide or any similar topic only for you Order Now intranet B. extranet C. private net D. website E. domain 2. Effective communication begins with A. speaking. B. listening. C. the message. D. two people. E. breaking through noise. 3. When you want your reader to take a logical action, you should lay out your ideas in writing by A. most important to least important. B. least controversial to most controversial. C. egative to positive. D. positive to negative. E. least important to most important. 4. The study of the meaning of words is called A. lexicography. B. rhetoric. C. semantics. D. morphology. E. cartology. 5. Denise and Florence are talking on their cell phones. After Denise reads her a phone number, Florence repeats the number back to Denise. This is an example of A. feedback. B. encoding. C. decoding. D. medium selection. E. noise. 6. A manager needs to communicate about a routine situation with someone she knows whose physical location is not far from her office. Generally, which of the following should the manager use? A. videoconferencing B. telephone C. e-mail D. face-to-face meeting E. newsletter 7. Jason tells Giorgio his cell phone number, and Giorgio nods. Jason then asks Giorgio to repeat back to him the phone number he just gave him. Jason is trying to avoid a(n) __________ barrier. A. encoding B. decoding C. medium D. feedback E. receiver 8. An announcement of the company-sponsored picnic travels from the employees’ social committee to the other employees through email. This communication is __________ and _______. A. external; informal B. horizontal; informal C. vertical; informal D. vertical; formal E. external; formal 9. Which of the following is a personal barrier to communication? A. poor speaking skills B. lack of trustworthiness C. differing frames of reference D. judging others’ messages E. All of the above are personal barriers to communication. 10. Generally, people comprehend about __________ of a typical verbal message. A. 10% B. 35% C. 50% D. 75% E. 90% 11. The drawbacks of using e-mail include which of the following? A. employees can communicate when they are not at company sites B. reduces use of paper C. information overload D. reduced costs of distributing information to employees E. increased teamwork 12. The device that indicates how official communications should be routed is called the A. organization chart. B. organizational culture. C. organizational profile. D. grapevine. E. lateral hierarchy. 13. Top executives at XYZ Company want to let lower level managers know that XYZ is going to be acquired by ABC, Inc. How should they communicate this? (Assume that all of the choices are possible. ) A. send a memo to all managers B. send an e-mail to all managers C. call a meeting of managers D. post a notice on all bulletin boards E. schedule a conference phone call 14. The introduction to a business speech should A. lways contain at least one joke. B. consist of 20 – 30% of the total speaking time. C. get right to the point. D. contain significant details of the presentation. E. always contain an unrelated story to catch the interest of the audience. 15. A female professor uses sports analogies in illustrating her lectures to a group of male students. She is said to be A. a feminist. B. genderflexing. C. copping out. D. miscommunicating. E. ingratiating. 16. XYZ Corporation communicates its revised mission statement to all employees. This is an example of A. external communication. B. downward communication. C. upward communication. D. orizontal communication. E. informal communication. 17. Of the following, which medium is the richest? A. bulletin board B. telephone C. e-mail D. letters E. videoconferencing 18. The type of communication channel that develops outside the organizational structure and does not follow the chain of command is called a(n) __________ communication channel. A. vertical B. horizontal C. external D. formal E. informal 19. According to the textbook, MBWA stands for A. management by wandering around. B. management by walking about. C. management by wishing a lot. D. management by wandering afar. E. management by working afield. 20. Do you actually listen when they’re talking? This is most likely a test of which personal barrier that contributes to communication? A. tendency to judge others’ messages B. variable skills in communicating effectively C. inability to listen with understanding D. faulty listening skills E. stereotypes and prejudices 21. Compared to women, men tend to A. give more tactful feedback. B. praise more. C. be indirect when they don’t know something. D. indicate a lack of certainty about something. E. make apologies. 22. Salvador speaks English as a second language, and sometimes has difficulty coming up with the exact word to express an idea. Salvador is facing a(n) __________ barrier. A. encoding B. decoding C. medium D. feedback E. receiver 23. Which of the following is a â€Å"don’t† toward better nonverbal communication skills? A. maintain eye contact B. look away from the speaker C. lean toward the speaker D. speak in a quiet, reassuring tone E. smile and show animation 24. Speed reading works well for material that is A. unfamiliar. B. easy. C. dense. D. complicated. E. All of the above. 25. A study conducted by AT and Stanford University found that the top predictor of success and professional upward mobility was A. writing ability. B. nterpersonal skills. C. public speaking ability. D. intelligence. E. integrity. Sample Test-Chapter 15 Key 1. (p. 486) An organization expands its private Internet to connect with customers, suppliers, and other partners. This expansion is called its A. intranet B. extranet C. private net D. website E. domain AACSB: 3 BT: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Kinicki – Chapter 15 #106 Learning Objective: 4 2. (p. 469) Effective communication begins with A. speaking. B. listening. C. the message. D. two people. E. breaking through noise. Effective communication begins with listening: paying attention to the words being spoken. AACSB: 3 BT: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Kinicki – Chapter 15 #60 Learning Objective: 1 3. (p. 492) When you want your reader to take a logical action, you should lay out your ideas in writing by A. most important to least important. B. least controversial to most controversial. C. negative to positive. D. positive to negative. E. least important to most important. This is a good strategy when the action you want your reader to take is logical and not highly political. AACSB: 3 BT: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Kinicki – Chapter 15 #121 Learning Objective: 5 4. (p. 75) The study of the meaning of words is called A. lexicography. B. rhetoric. C. semantics. D. morphology. E. cartology. AACSB: 3 BT: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Kinicki – Chapter 15 #80 Learning Objective: 2 5. (p. 471) Denise and Florence are talking on their cell phones. After Denise reads her a phone number, Florence repeats the number back to Denise. This is an example of A. feedback. B. encoding. C. decoding. D. medium selection. E. noise. Feedback is when the receiver (Florence) expresses his or her reaction to the sender’s (Denise) message (the phone number). AACSB: 3 BT: Application Difficulty: Hard Kinicki – Chapter 15 #64 Learning Objective: 1 6. (p. 473) A manager needs to communicate about a routine situation with someone she knows whose physical location is not far from her office. Generally, which of the following should the manager use? A. videoconferencing B. telephone C. e-mail D. face-to-face meeting E. newsletter Lean media is generally best for routine situations. In order from high to low media richness: face-to-face presence, video-conferences, telephone, personal written media, impersonal written media. E-mail would be the best media to use since the manager knows the person and the situation is outine. AACSB: 3 BT: Application Difficulty: Hard Kinicki – Chapter 15 #71 Learning Objective: 1 7. (p. 475) Jason tells Giorgio his cell phone number, and Giorgio nods. Jason then asks Giorgio to repeat back to him the phone number he just gave him. Jason is trying to avoid a(n) __________ barrier. A. encoding B. decoding C. medium D. feedback E. receiver A feedback barrier is when the recipient doesn’t respond enough. Jason wants Giorgio to repeat the number to be sure he heard it correctly. AACSB: 3 BT: Application Difficulty: Hard Kinicki – Chapter 15 #77 Learning Objective: 2 8. p. 484) An announcement of the company-sponsored picnic travels from the employees’ social committee to the other employees through email. This communication is __________ and _______. A. external; informal B. horizontal; informal C. vertical; informal D. vertical; formal E. external; formal Informal communication channels develop outside the formal structure and do not follow the chain of command. In this case the announcement came from the social committee and was sent to other employees internally outside the formal structure of the company. AACSB: 3 BT: Application Difficulty: Hard Kinicki – Chapter 15 #99 Learning Objective: 3 9. (p. 477) Which of the following is a personal barrier to communication? A. poor speaking skills B. lack of trustworthiness C. differing frames of reference D. judging others’ messages E. All of the above are personal barriers to communication. The choices in the question all refer to personal barriers to communication. AACSB: 3 BT: Communication Difficulty: Moderate Kinicki – Chapter 15 #82 Learning Objective: 2 10. (p. 490) Generally, people comprehend about __________ of a typical verbal message. A. 10% B. 35% C. 50% D. 75% E. 90% Generally, people comprehend only about 35% of a typical verbal message, experts say. AACSB: 3 BT: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Kinicki – Chapter 15 #115 Learning Objective: 5 11. (p. 486) The drawbacks of using e-mail include which of the following? A. employees can communicate when they are not at company sites B. reduces use of paper C. information overload D. reduced costs of distributing information to employees E. increased teamwork AACSB: 3 BT: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Kinicki – Chapter 15 #108 Learning Objective: 4 12. (p. 482) The device that indicates how official communications should be routed is called the A. rganization chart. B. organizational culture. C. organizational profile. D. grapevine. E. lateral hierarchy. The organizational chart indicates how official communications—memos, letters, reports, announcements—are supposed to be routed. AACSB: 3 BT: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Kinicki – Chapter 15 #94 Learning Objective: 3 13. (p. 473) Top executives at XYZ Company want to let lower level managers know that XYZ is going to be acquired by ABC, Inc. How should they communicate this? (Assume that all of the choices are possible. ) A. send a memo to all managers B. send an e-mail to all managers C. all a meeting of managers D. post a notice on all bulletin boards E. schedule a conference phone call This is a nonroutine, unusual event that requires the richest type of communication such as a face-to-face meeting. AACSB: 3 BT: Application Difficulty: Hard Kinicki – Chapter 15 #72 Learning Objective: 1 14. (p. 493) The introduction to a business speech should A. always contain at least one joke. B. consist of 20 – 30% of the total speaking time. C. get right to the point. D. contain significant details of the presentation. E. always contain an unrelated story to catch the interest of the audience. Because everything in your speech should be relevant, try to go right to the point. AACSB: 3 BT: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Kinicki – Chapter 15 #124 Learning Objective: 5 15. (p. 480) A female professor uses sports analogies in illustrating her lectures to a group of male students. She is said to be A. a feminist. B. genderflexing. C. copping out. D. miscommunicating. E. ingratiating. Genderflexing refers to temporarily using communication behaviors typical of the other gender to increase the potential for influence. For example, a female manager might use sports analogies to motivate a group of males. AACSB: 3 BT: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Kinicki – Chapter 15 #92 Learning Objective: 2 16. (p. 483) XYZ Corporation communicates its revised mission statement to all employees. This is an example of A. external communication. B. downward communication. C. upward communication. D. horizontal communication. E. informal communication. Downward communication flows from a higher level to a lower level. AACSB: 3 BT: Application Difficulty: Hard Kinicki – Chapter 15 #97 Learning Objective: 3 17. (p. 473) Of the following, which medium is the richest? A. bulletin board B. telephone C. -mail D. letters E. videoconferencing In order from high to low media richness: face-to-face presence, video-conferences, telephone, personal written media, impersonal written media. AACSB: 3 BT: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Kinicki – Chapter 15 #69 Learning Objective: 1 18. (p. 484) The type of communication channel that develops outside the organizational structure and does not follow the chain of command is called a(n) __________ communication channel. A. vertical B. horizontal C. external D. formal E. informal AACSB: 3 BT: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Kinicki – Chapter 15 #100 Learning Objective: 3 19. (p. 484) According to the textbook, MBWA stands for A. management by wandering around. B. management by walking about. C. management by wishing a lot. D. management by wandering afar. E. management by working afield. AACSB: 3 BT: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Kinicki – Chapter 15 #103 Learning Objective: 3 20. (p. 477) Do you actually listen when they’re talking? This is most likely a test of which personal barrier that contributes to communication? A. tendency to judge others’ messages B. variable skills in communicating effectively C. inability to listen with understanding D. faulty listening skills E. stereotypes and prejudices Faulty listening skills includes thinking about what you are going to say when the other person is talking as well as mostly talking about yourself. The test for this barrier is asking yourself, â€Å"Do you actually listen when they’re talking? † AACSB: 3 BT: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Kinicki – Chapter 15 #83 Learning Objective: 2 21. (p. 480) Compared to women, men tend to A. give more tactful feedback. B. praise more. C. be indirect when they don’t know something. D. indicate a lack of certainty about something. E. make apologies. AACSB: 3 BT: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Kinicki – Chapter 15 #90 Learning Objective: 2 22. (p. 475) Salvador speaks English as a second language, and sometimes has difficulty coming up with the exact word to express an idea. Salvador is facing a(n) __________ barrier. A. encoding B. decoding C. medium D. feedback E. receiver An encoding barrier is when the message is not expressed correctly. If English is not your first language, then you may have difficulty expressing exactly what you mean to say. AACSB: 3 BT: Application Difficulty: Hard Kinicki – Chapter 15 #76 Learning Objective: 2 23. (p. 80) Which of the following is a â€Å"don’t† toward better nonverbal communication skills? A. maintain eye contact B. look away from the speaker C. lean toward the speaker D. speak in a quiet, reassuring tone E. smile and show animation AACSB: 3 BT: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Kinicki – Chapter 15 #88 L earning Objective: 2 24. (p. 491) Speed reading works well for material that is A. unfamiliar. B. easy. C. dense. D. complicated. E. All of the above. Psychologists have found that speed reading or skimming may work well with easy or familiar reading material, but it can lead to problems with dense or unfamiliar material. AACSB: 3 BT: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Kinicki – Chapter 15 #119 Learning Objective: 5 25. (p. 493) A study conducted by ATT and Stanford University found that the top predictor of success and professional upward mobility was A. writing ability. B. interpersonal skills. C. public speaking ability. D. intelligence. E. integrity. A study conducted by AT T and Stanford University found that the top predictor of success and professional upward mobility is how much you enjoy public speaking and how effective you are at it. AACSB: 3 BT: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Kinicki – Chapter 15 #123 Learning Objective: 5 How to cite Business Management Study Guide, Papers

Implementation of ERP Systems-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the ERP and its implementation. Answer: Introduction An Enterprise Resource Planning is a system by which companies manages and integrates the important parts of its business. It is a management system which covers different areas of an enterprise such as planning, purchasing, inventory, finance, marketing, human resource department and logistics (Ganesh et. al. 2014). It is the most commonly used software that uses a common data base through a database management which is systemized and which cover all the area of function and perform core activities which helps in increasing efficiency of the enterprise and the quality of work (Panayiotou, et.al. 2015). Mesfine Industrial Engineering (MIE) Pvt. Ltd. is metal construction and electromechanical engineering in Ethiopia. The company has recently adopted an ERP system. Implementation of ERP is much more difficult than developing a computer application which supports a single business function. This report includes key elements of ERP, different phases of process and problems faced by MIE in its implementation. It also explains the risk associated with this project and how MIE deals with that risk. Analysis of various factors Need of Enterprise Resource Planning To have a uniform information system in their business and to re-design its processes, many firms across the world have adopted and implemented ERP system. The need of ERP mainly arises in small and medium sized companies as they have an average growth rates and also suffers from the consequences of differences between what they have in their legacy systems and what they require to compete with the global environment. SMEs also face problems related to the collection of information, they need for conducting their operations (Xu, 2017). The data is piled up in the accounting systems, stand-alone spreadsheets and is not in the integrated form. Implementing ERP has helped SMEs in improving their business performance by better inventory control, proper reporting to take decisions, optimization of process, improving the quality of supply chain process and increasing the transparency in the functions performed by the company. ERP directly helps in reducing the cost in order to improve oper ating margins and also to increase the quality of customer services (Bradford, M., 2015). As far as MIE is concerned, the company has used five systems before ERP in past years which were developed by the local vendors and the company itself. MIE was facing problems regarding these systems as they were very expensive to use and difficult to maintain and develop. The data provided by them was not accurate and relevant for taking timely decisions and assessing the performance. One of the major system implemented by MIE was MERLIN (mechanized evaluation of resources, logistics and inventory) which was basically a scheduling system but was susceptible to manual manipulations. Corporate cost accounting was an additional system used by MIE to monitor its transactions financially but it also had problems of interfacing with different functions. On a whole, all the legacy systems used by the company did not contribute in establishing a direct contact with customers and suppliers. On the top of that, the systems did not help the company in increasing its growth in the changing global environment. This gave the rise to the need of ERP system in Mesfine Industrial Engineering. ERP will help the company in overcoming all its challenges and increasing its success rate. MIE formed a project team for implementing this system who includes the staff who have vital knowledge about the cross-sectional business relationships and experience of old internal system. The project consists of a management team which includes specialists from the external consulting company Syscorp. This company was chosen because of its experience in the manufacturing industries. The company has a specialized talents of Microsoft Dynamics SL consultants and also took the responsibilities for facilitating the project. MIE adopted the Microsoft Dynamics SL and used it (Harris and Schult, 2016). Problems during Implementation In implementing the ERP systems, many issues or problems were faced by MIE which are categorized as follows: Cultural Problems Some areas of the business which were functioning better than the old legacy system dii not completely accept ERP. Moreover, unlike legacy systems, some process or functions of the new system did not get the full and high appreciation from the areas. Thus, this made the project team to re-engineer their original plan by showing the improvements to be made in the company and by addressing training and cultural changes. Business Problems The company adopted Microsoft Dynamic SL and to make it work successfully the participants of cross-functional workshops have to change their working practices according to it. It means MIE need to change its way of doing business. To achieve this, the company used an internal business processing reengineering program (BPR), consisted of four steps. The first two steps involved the mapping of current process and identification of the problems in the same. The third one includes applying some of the identified problems to a demo of Microsoft Dynamic SL so as to determine potential issues within the new system. The fourth and last step ask for the modification in the processes align with MDSL (Harwood, 2017). Technical Problems Accuracy of the data was the main technical problem faced by MIE. The new system needs the recovery of old data from legacy systems so as to store it in a sensible data format in the new system. This could cause the duplication of the data which was a major concern for MIE, because in some areas, old systems still kept running which can be put out of use by the new system. For doing this, IT department develop interfaces between the systems. To alter the file formats, MIE uses the same CAD system. So accuracy and replication of data were the key technical problems of the company (Kapp, Latham and Ford-Latham, 2016). Different phases of implementation process The ERP project of MIE goes through various phases. Following are: Phase 1: Organization of project The first phase involves setting of the scope of project and its outline plan and costing. Development of objectives and implementation plan is done in this phase. MIE formed a team to control and overlook the process and a committee was also formed for providing financial guidance. In this stage, the roles and responsibilities of project team, process of implementation, goals, plan and scope of the project, tracking process and implementation schedule is decided (Sun, Ni and Lam, 2015). Phase 2: System definition The scope of MISs Microsoft Dynamics SL implementation has been defined in this stage which results in the creation of blueprint of the business. Activities that are carried out in stage 2 includes defining the new policies and procedures, developing prototype of modules, reviewing the flow of information and explaining external system interface. During this phase, the core structures of project are identified. For research and development, an Integrated program management was adopted which covers the entire business. Moreover, a change was made in the timings of phase one and a change in schedule was also possible without an increase in cost. Phase 3: Environment development The system is physically implemented in this phase. The stage concerns with the design of system and the changes taking place in the working of company. As it was a large implementation, MIE divides the process in two parts. First deals with the replacement of legacy system, introduction of IPM and SFDM and ended with MDSL project. The main aim of first part is to give new capabilities for the production. The second part was almost of one year consists of purchasing, inventory, implementing requisition and order management. By this time legacy systems were eliminated and MDSL becomes the executive system (Fischer, et. al. 2017). Phase 4: Conference Room Pilot (CRP) A small-scale pilot of the system runs in this stage and for this a facility called production shop was chosen. This facility uses the materials which are at the low volume form external suppliers and internal units. The main aim of the pilot is to define business processes, principles and procedures, software, hardware and data transfers. Second pilot was also run for nonproduction purchasing and to explore the interaction between legacy systems and Microsoft Dynamics SL, a third pilot was also carried out (Piazolo, et. al. 2017). Phase 5: End user training This phase deals with providing trainings to the users enabling them to enhance their abilities and confidence in running system, to increase their potential in relating the system with daily operations and to give them a better view of global systems features. This will improve their skills and understanding to a desired level. Various modules are covered under training like finance, HR, distribution, manufacturing, project modules and system training (Altamony, et. al. 2016). Phase 6: Final preparation This is the final phase of implementation known as go-live. All the stages completed and the work is to put an ultimate test of the production uses of software. This phase includes several issues that are to be carefully addressed by project team. The main functions to be performed in the project were live preparation and reconciliation of data and live database initialization. Phase 7: Go live to Dynamics SL In this phase, the main problem is to transfer the data from legacy system to the new system. The volume of data that needed to be transferred is greater than any normal transaction load. For doing this successfully, the data has to be kept in stable form for some time. Initial data which is transferred include some transaction data and if any changes occur in the data on the old system, they are then logged and passed through the new system. The next step in go-live process concerns with the running of MRP system in order to make the whole system fresh. After the completion of go-live, old system kept on view only mode which enable the comparison between new and old system. At the end, legacy system are been phased out (Goyal, 2011). Project risk MIEs ERP project covers the various areas of entire business which are associated with risks. A risk analysis method (RAM) was used by the team to determine the most important risks and their chances of being present in the company. Every risk associated issue was critically viewed by the team. Some of the major risks are: Failure in deciding goals due to the conflict between the directions in the organization Absence of reliable IT hardware and software during implementation MIE and Syscorp provide inappropriate support after implementation. Opposition by the management and supervision for accepting the new change Instead of treating as a change in process methods, management treated the project as a simple IT implementation (Halford, 2016). Inefficient education given to the workers regarding the new system Failure to the new system due to the inability of loading data. Inadequate systems of testing volume, stress and conversion of data. Failure in giving priority to ERP because of the improvements going in the business. Difficulties in maintaining bridged legacy systems. Accounts of the company may get impacted with this project (Abu-Shanab, Abu-Shehab and Khairallah, 2015). Considering the above risks, the team adopted a characteristics analysis method (CAM) for the successful management of ERP project. The method lay emphasis on the aspects of management that are required to be covered to manage ERP. Human Resource Management was given a special attention in this project as it exceeds the critical level according to CAM. In addition to this, communication management, purchase management and other leadership skills are at the critical level. CAM provides a clear view to MIE regarding the cost incurred and time spent in the project along with the technical and operational risk involved (Jinno, Abe and Iizuka, 2017) Conclusion After facing all the difficulties and dealing with all the risks, MIE successfully implemented its ERP system. The company has understood all the aspects regarding such a large project and has formed a solid team for its implementation. The team used the special skills of consultants for producing a sound framework for the project. For managing the risk, CAM and RAM are the tools which are been used by the company. Once the system became at its executive level, all the benefits will be enjoyed. The lower IT cost will be visible when the system will be stable and when the users adjust to the changing working practices. Instant benefit will be of delivering the customers on time. Improvement in the supply chain process will also be there as the transactions become easier through electronic communication. Proper management of database will also be there as the data is stored centrally and is extracted from operational and technical databases. From the case study of Mesfine, it can be co ncluded that ERP implementation should be encouraged in the companies as it is the best way of sharing experiences with the companies of same nature. Issues or problems related to post-implementation should also be considered such as strategic needs and the requirements for sustaining the effectiveness of enterprise information system. References Panayiotou, N.A., Gayialis, S.P., Evangelopoulos, N.P. and Katimertzoglou, P.K., 2015. A business process modeling-enabled requirements engineering framework for ERP implementation.Business Process Management Journal,21(3), pp.628-664. Abu-Shanab, E., Abu-Shehab, R. and Khairallah, M., 2015. Critical success factors for ERP implementation: The case of Jordan.The International Arab Journal of e-Technology,4(1), pp.1-7. Altamony, H., Tarhini, A., Al-Salti, Z., Gharaibeh, A. and Elyas, T., 2016. The relationship between change management strategy and successful enterprise resource planning (ERP) implementations: A theoretical perspective.International Journal of Business Management and Economic Research,7(4), pp.690-703. Bradford, M., 2015.Modern ERP: select, implement, and use today's advanced business systems. Lulu. com. Fischer, M., Heim, D., Janiesch, C. and Winkelmann, A., 2017, May. Assessing Process Fit in ERP Implementation Projects: A Methodological Approach. InInternational Conference on Design Science Research in Information Systems(pp. 3-20). Springer, Cham. Ganesh, K., Mohapatra, S., Anbuudayasankar, S.P. and Sivakumar, P., 2014.Enterprise Resource Planning: Fundamentals of Design and Implementation. Springer. Goyal, D.P., 2011.Enterprise Resource Planning. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Halford, C.D., 2016.Implementing Safety Management Systems in Aviation. Routledge. Harris, R. and Schultz, T., 2016. Teaching ERP Implementation with Microsoft Dynamics Sure Step.Proceedings of DYNAA,7(1). Harwood, S. (2017).ERP: The Implementation Cycle. Routledge. Jinno, H., Abe, H. and Iizuka, K., 2017. Consideration of ERP Effectiveness: From the Perspective of ERP Implementation Policy and Operational Effectiveness.Information,8(1), p.14. Kapp, K.M., Latham, W.F. and Ford-Latham, H., 2016.Integrated learning for ERP success: A learning requirements planning approach. CRC press. Piazolo, F., Geist, V., Brehm, L. and Schmidt, R. eds., 2017.Innovations in Enterprise Information Systems Management and Engineering: 5th International Conference, ERP Future 2016-Research, Hagenberg, Austria, November 14, 2016, Revised Papers(Vol. 285). Springer. Sun, H., Ni, W. and Lam, R., 2015. A step-by-step performance assessment and improvement method for ERP implementation: Action case studies in Chinese companies.Computers in Industry,68, pp.40-52. Xu, H., 2017. What SMEs need to focus on in order to obtain benefits of ERP systems?